{"id":1967,"date":"2015-12-11T18:12:30","date_gmt":"2015-12-11T18:12:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.friendsofhomer.gr\/?p=1967"},"modified":"2016-01-11T18:13:17","modified_gmt":"2016-01-11T18:13:17","slug":"%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%bb%ce%b9-%cf%85%cf%80%ce%b7%cf%81%cf%87%ce%b5-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b1%cf%81%cf%87%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%bf-%ce%b8%ce%b5%ce%b1%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83-%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.friendsofhomer.gr\/?p=1967","title":{"rendered":"\u03a3\u03a4\u0397 “\u03a0\u039f\u039b\u0399” \u03a5\u03a0\u0397\u03a1\u03a7\u0395 \u03a4\u039f \u0391\u03a1\u03a7\u0391\u0399\u039f \u0398\u0395\u0391\u03a4\u03a1\u039f \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0399\u0398\u0391\u039a\u0397\u03a3!"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u2019 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9:<\/p>\n

\u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd \u03c9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba. \u039a\u03b1\u03b2\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd \u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039f\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1f78\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4. \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2), \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u1f7c\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c3\u03ba\u03c9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03c0\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bd\u03c4, \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u2019 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0391\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u1f70 \u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b7 \u03bf \u03ba. \u0394\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03c0\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b4\u00bb\u2026<\/p>\n

\u03b2\u03bb. \u03c3\u03c7. \u03b5\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc. \u00ab\u039d\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u0386\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u00bb (\u03b1\u03c1. \u03c6. 157, 17.5.1902), \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \u00ab\u03a3\u03a0\u039f\u03a5\u0394\u0391\u0399\u0391 \u0391\u03a1\u03a7\u0391\u0399\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u039a\u0391\u039b\u03a5\u03a8\u0399\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0395\u03a5\u03a1\u0395\u03a3\u0399\u03a3 \u0398\u0395\u0391\u03a4\u03a1\u039f\u03a5 \u0395\u0399\u03a3 \u0399\u0398\u0391\u039a\u0397\u039d\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u0397 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf![4] \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039f\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03b1.<\/p>\n

\u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u039f\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u00ab\u03a0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u039f\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u00bb \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5 \u03bf H-G. Buchholz, Justus Liebig Univ. \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Giessen \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u039c\u0395\u03a1\u0399\u039a\u0395\u03a3\u00a0 \u03a3\u0397\u039c\u0395\u0399\u03a9\u03a3\u0395\u0399\u03a3 \u03a0\u039f\u03a5 \u0391\u03a6\u039f\u03a1\u039f\u03a5\u039d \u03a4\u039f \u0397\u03a1\u03a9\u039f\u039d \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 \u039f\u0394\u03a5\u03a3\u03a3\u0395\u03a9\u03a3 \u03a3\u03a4\u0397\u039d \u0399\u0398\u0391\u039a\u0397\u00bb. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 tessere de theatre \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03bf Vollgraff.[5] \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf tessere \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u039c\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u0399\u03b8\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 17\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9. \u03bc.\u03a7.). \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0394\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9.) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc[6], \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b8\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 Langeron![7]<\/p>\n

\u0398\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9. \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u00ab\u03a4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb, \u00ab\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb, \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb \u0398\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2!<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a3\u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039d\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf: \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0392. \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u2013 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u2013 \u00ab\u03a3\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03bf\u0390\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb (\u03ae \u039b\u03bf\u03c5\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5) [8]. \u0394\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n

\u039f \u039b\u03bf\u0390\u03b6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b5, \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u039d\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd! \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u2019 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1930 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf-\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 (2000-1550 \u03c0.\u03a7.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (1300-1050 \u03c0.\u03a7.)[9]. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9. \u03c0.\u03a7.), \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae), \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2[10] (9\u03bf\u03c5-8\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u03b9.), \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u03b9.), \u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba.\u03ac. \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u2013 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af 2.000 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac! \u0395\u03b4\u03ce \u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u039f\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd! \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u00ab\u0395\u03a5\u03a7\u0397\u039d \u039f\u0394\u03a5\u03a3\u03a3\u0395\u0399\u00bb[11] \u2013 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03b2\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0389\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2[12], \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b3. \u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 (\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 18\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9.) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03b7.<\/p>\n

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